Internal combustion engine



J. SHAW;

INTERNAL comsusnow ENGINE.

' APPLICATIDNHLEDSEPL12.191U I l lafifiri Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

JAMES shrew, or cisrceeo,

lfilildl lltl.

'spniicution filed September 1%, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES SHAW, n citizen of the Uniled States of America, line it resident of Chicago, in the county of Cool r, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in internal-Corn bustion Engines, ol' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gas engines of the high compression fuel type and adapted for use in either the two or the four cycle class of such engines, and the present improvement has for its objectsz To provide a simple and durable structural formation and association of parts whereby the supply of liquid fuel is fed to the explosive chamber 1 the engine in an efieetive manner, and through 9i single inletoutlet opening or said explosion chamber, all as will hereinafter more fully :ippem'.

ln the accompanying drawings:

Figures 1 and :2 are comparison enlarged sei'fiionul elevations of the duplex inlet-outlet valve and esserinled liquid fuel feeding means. in the two dili'erent positions oi the same. I V

Fig. 3 is s detail horizontal section on line E Fig.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts in the severe-.1 views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the upper portion of an engine cylinder provided with an opening or orh e (3, prefer- Eibly formed in the central portion of the closure head of the engine cylinder, and providing communication between the enter all.- mosphere and the explosion chamber ol the engine, as shown.

7 designates the main valve of the engine having its seat in the aforesaid opening 6, With its shank or stem 8 guided vertically in a guide housing 9, of the arched spider type, mounted on the head of the engine cylinder 1 aforesaid.

10 designates :1 spring interposed between the valve stem 8 and the housing 9 ind adapted to exert n constant resilient closing stress upon said stem of the valve 7.

l1 designates the free end of a rock lever having operative engagement with the upper end of the valve stem 8. Said rock arm has the usual pivotal association with the engine cylinder 1, and receives motion from the main shaft of the engine through any usual and suitable intermediate means.

In the present improvement the main Specification of. Letters Serial 16o. 253,86El.

valve 7 and its stem 8 forms part of she fuel feeding appliance by which the liquid fuel is introduced at proper in'tervels into the explosion chamber of the engine, and so rordin'gly comprises a detail :lfornnition the valve, rhe velve stem. end fuel feeding means {is follows:

1% designates e vertical cylindrical cheer her formed niidvvey the height of valve stem 8 and adapted to contain the fuel sup-- ply head and regulator sleeve hereinafter described.

15 designates a central orifice or passage formed at the lower end of the chamber 1 with the upper end of said orifice forming e sent for :i valve member 16 carried by the fuel supply head above, referred to, end said valve member and its seat are preferably of the needle type shown in l. and

1'7 designates a downwardly finrin cheer her formed cenlrellv in the valve Y end its stem 8, end having con'irnunicstion at its upper end with Elie passage 15 aforesaid, while its lower end opens freely into the explosion chamber of the engine and on the underside of the main valve 7 ni'oreseid.

l8 gnstes spreading cone errenged in the chamber 1? and adapted "to receive the liquid fuel :is it passes into said chem her and direct and spread said fuel in en even and very exehded manner. In the preferred conslructien shown the spread 111g cone 18 is formed with an orificed marginal flange 19 by which it is secured in place, for convenience of manufectiswnnd for removal and replacement when renewed;

20 designates a lateral pessegeiiormed in this valve stem 8 and opening into the CQIII" nnuncziting passage 15 above described, fend "adapted in register-with a lateral passegeQl in the guide housing 9 aforesaid, when the main valve 7 is in its fully open condition as shown in Fig. 1. With the described orrnngement and at proper periods in the operation of the engine, air is drawn in through the passages 20, 21 into and throu h lhelovver chamber 17 to edec-tuelly clear t e same of any Waste gases remaining therein after an explosion of a fuel charge.

In the preferred construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the fuel inlet heed heretofore referred to, comprises an outer annular inemher 2:2 having a sliding litin the verti cal chemher 14 of the velw stem 8, and an inner tubular member 23 carrying at its lower end the Vll-lYB member 16 heretofore "through horizontally elongated slots in the described, and with a view to an eflective seating of said valve member 16, the aforesaid. inner tubular member is adapted to have limited vertical movement in relation to the outer annular member 273 against the stress of an interposed spring it, the tendency of which is to force the member 23 downward and resiliently hold the valve 16 in its closed condition.

25 designates the fuel inlet pipe passing through a receiving orifice termed therefor in the guide housing 9 aforesaid, through a vertically elongated slot in the valve stem 8 and screwed or otherwise attached to the outer men'iber of the fuel inlet head and adapted to maintain said head in a stationary condition, While the valve stem 8 has its normal. vertical reciprocation in relation to said inlet head and the valve member 16 carried thereon,

The fuel regulating sleeve heretofore referred to, comprises an annular member 26 surrounding a lower portion of the inner tubular member :28 and formed with a vertical passage 27 the lower end of which communicates with the lower portion of the chamber 1 latoresaid. The upper end of said passage 27 is adapted to register with one or more of a plurality of lateral orifices 28 in the wall of the tubular innor member 23 of the fuel supply head in accordance with a turning ad ustment of said regulating sleeve.

29 designates anoperating arm attached to regulating sleeve 26 and extending out uide housing 9 and valve stem 8, for ofecting the turning adjustment of the regulating sleeve above described.

In the above described construction the associated fuel inlet head and regulating sleeve 26 constitute a stationary piston, while the upper chamber I l containing the same constitutes a movable cylinder for said piston, so that in an upward movement of the valve stem 8, the fuel contained in the lower portion of thechamber 14 will be forcibly ejected through the passage 1.23 onto the spreading cone 18 aforesaid The operation of the present improvement in connection with the two-cycle engine construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is as follows Assuming-the explosion to have taken place and the engine piston to have moved down to its lower position uncovering the usualoutlet orifice of the engine to permit the escape of the waste products from the plosion chamber. With the uncovering of I orifice, the main valve 7 is moved to its open position to admit air to the explosion chamber to ci'l'cct a cooling of the same, as well as to introduce the required supply of air for the succeeding compression and explosion actions of the engine. Coincident charge as said piston reaches the end of said up stroke. With the described closing movement of the main valve 7, the passages 20, 21 are moved out of register, and with the final upward movement of said main valve, the supply of liquid fuel contained in the lower portion of the upper chamber:

14 of said valve is forcibly ejected down onto the spreader cone 18 to be exposed to and absorbed by the hot and highly com-;

pressed charge of air in the explosion charnher to enrich the said charge of air and render it explosive. With a subsequent explosion of said char e a fresh cycle of the operations ust described takes place.

In an engine of the four-cycle type,.substantially the same operations as above take place, except that the opening and closing movements of the main valve 7 are slower so that the main valve will open near the end of the down stroke of the piston due to an explosion, remain open during the succeed ng up stroke and down stroke of the engine piston, and then move to a closed position as the piston commences a succeed ing up stroke, at the end of which the explosion takes place and during the down stroke following such explosion.

Having thus fully described my said invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a gas engine, an engine cylinder 'hav mg an inlet opening at one end and flll'oiltlet orifice at its other end adapted to be un-.

covered by the piston, a main, valve closing Said inlet opening and having a carrying stem formed with upper and lower chambers connected b a communicating passage, the lower chain or opening into the explosion chamber, a hollow fuel supply head arranged in the upper chamber aforesaid and forming a piston therefor, a valve member carried by said head and adapted to control the communicating passage aforesaid, means for holding said supply head in stationary relation to the main valve stem, and means for imparting intermittent reciprocation to said main valve and stem, substantiallyas set forth. i

2. In a gas engine, an engine cylinder having an inlet opening at oneend an outlet orifice at its other end adapted to be uncovered by thepiston, a main valve closing carried by said head adapted to control the communicating passage pipe carried by a fixed and attached to said supply head to hold the same stationary in relation to the stem ofthe main valve, and means for imparting intermittent reciprocation to said main valve and stem, substantially as set forth. a

3. Ina gas engine, an engine cylinder having aninlet opening at one end and an outlet orifice at its other end adapted to be aforesaid, a supply quncovered by the piston, a main valve closing said inlet opening and having a carrying stem formed with upper and lower chambers connected by a communicating passage, the lower'chamber openinginto the explosion chamber, a hollow luel supply head arranged in the upper chamber aforesaid and forming' a piston tl'iere'for, a valve member carried by said head and adapted to control the communidziting passage adoresaid, a regulating sleeve-associated with said supply head and formed with/a vertical pass'age, the supply head having outlet passages mittent reciprocation to said main to register with saidQvertical passage, a

adapted to register with said vertical passage, means for imparting a turning adjustment to said regulating- 'sleeve, means for holding the supply head nd regulating sleeve in stationary relation to the main valve stem, and mcans for imparting intervalve and stem, substantially as set forth.

4. In a gas engine, an engine cylinder having an inlet opening at one end and an outlet orifice at its other end adapted to be an covered by the piston, a main valve closing said inlet'opening and having a carrying stem formed with upper and lower chain bers connected by a communicating passage, the lower chamber opening into the espiosion chamber, a hollow fuel supply head arranged in the upper chamber aforesaid and forming a piston therefor, a valve member carried by said head and adapted to control the 'vcommunicating" passage aforesaid, a regulating sleeve associated with said supply head and formed with a vertical passage, the supply head having outlet passages adapted part of the engine lateral a m attached to said regulating sleeve and adapted to effect a turning adjustment of the same, means for holding the supply head and regulating sleeve in stationary relation to the main valve stem, and ,means for imparting intermittent reciprocation to said main valve and stem, substan tially as set forth.

5. In a gas engine, an engine cylinder having an inlet-opening at one end and an out-- let orifice at its other end adapted to be uncovered by the piston, a main valve closing said inlet opening and having a carrying stem formed with upper and lower chambers connected by a communicating passage, the lower chamber opening into the explosion chamber, a hollow fuel supply head ar- ,ranged in the upper chamber aforesaid and forming a piston therefor, valve member carried by said head and adapted to control the communicating passage aforesaid, the said inlet head comprising two sections and an interposed spring adapted to yieldingly hold said sections in proper relation, means for holding said supply head in stationary relation to the main valve stem, and means for imparting intermittent reci roca tion to said main valve and stem, su Stan-- tially as set forth.

(l. lira engine, an engine cylinder having an inlet opening at one end and an outlet orifice at itsother end adapted to be uncovered by the piston, a main valve closing said inlet opening and having a carrying stem formed with upper and lower chambers connected by a communicating passage, the lower chamber opening into tlie explosion chamber, a hollow fuel supply head arranged in the upper chamber aforesaid and forming a piston therefor, a valve member .carried by said head and adapted to control the communicating passage aforesaid, the said inlet head comprising an, outer annular section, and inner tubnlarsectioii carrying the municating passage and a spring interposed between said sections and adapted to hold the same in proper relation, means for holding said supply head in stationary relation to the main-valve stem, and means for imparting intermittent reciprocation to said main valve and stem, substantially as set forth.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, thisSthday of .{September 1918.

JAMES, SHAW= Ill) 

